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Jenova
Explains Anthropology
Sephy, you need
to be taught a lesson.
"Oh great, on what now,
Mother?" Sephiroth asked.
Anthropology.
"That's exactly what
I want."
Where should I start?
"I dunno. Darwin maybe?"
Nah. Let's skip all that
natural selection stuff. Darwin wasn't that important
in Anthropology.
"Oh. Of course not.
So where are we starting?"
In the Neander Valley! That's
the place with the rock quarry!
"Is that all you're
telling me?"
Yep.
"So I'm to make my
own inferences about how in 1856 a bunch of Germans at
a rock quarry brought in people from around the town
to help them dig up this specimen that was later dated
to be 70,000 years old?"
Right. Damn Nazis.
"They weren't Nazis."
Yet.
"But didn't they completely
screw up the dig?"
Yeah, but it was a good try.
That's what I call "good science."
"Okay, so they were
the first to discover a hominid that wasn't completely
modern. Any other awesome stuff?"
No, not really. But let's
talk about Darwin now.
"I thought we weren't-"
DARWIN! He wrote his book
On the Origin of Species in 1859. That's three
years after the Neander Valley thing. Those Neander dudes
were pretty good, eh?
"No."
This one guy, Owen, he wanted
to be Darwin. He's all "Hey Darwin! More like Darweiner!
You suck! You forgot humans in the evolution stuff!"
and Darwin's like, "I did it on PURPOSE!"
"He did?"
Probably not. But then this
dude Huxley comes to Darwin's rescue and he's like, "Look,
Owen! More like Oweiner. I wrote this book Man's Place
that explains what a tool you are! A-and my buddy Lyell,
he wrote a book called Antiquity of Man in 1863
that demonstrates that humans have been around for a
long ass time!
"That's an odd segway."
So then, in 1871, Darwin
publishes Descent of Man, which is a collection
of all human evolution theories. Isn't that wild!?
"Wow. These guys sound
killer."
Speaking of killer, at the
turn of the century, they all DIE! And suddenly there
aren't any experts in Anthropology!
"Cool. So we're done?"
You wish! This guy, Eugene
Dubois decides he wants to dig in Java! I mean, Dubois
is only a medicine guy from Holland, but he was like
"I wonder why a human brain is 3x bigger than a
chimps..." And he decides the answers are in Java.
Now that's good coffee.
"So they paid for him
to go to Java?"
Oh hell no! Nobody else gave
a shit! Nobody's gonna pay. No, Dubois has to join the
army, which is conveniently going to Java! So he breaks
off from the group in his spare time and gets bones.
Alone.
"Okay, you're going
some place nasty with this."
No no no! For seriously!
He digs up bones in Trinil on the Solo River! Then, in
1892, he finds erect-
"No, please no. Don't
say it."
It's okay, Sephy. I'm a scientist....'s
creation. I can say anything scientifically. So he finds
this brain case (that's the top part of the cranium)
and decides it is way too big for a chimp, but not big
enough for a human. He also finds this femur of fury
and starts killing mosquitoes-
"That would be Secret
of Evermore. Get back to science."
Fine. So this femur proves
that they walk up right, and since this CAN'T be from
the genus Homo-
"You gonna comment
on that? Or let it go?"
Make your own joke, Sephy.
So he decides that this new thing is Pithecanthropus
erectus.
"Why pith-"
Because. Don't worry, he
was wrong. It was actually Homo erectus, which was later
dated 800,000 years ago. But anyway, he's a self-proclaimed
genus now!
"Y-yeah. Good one,
Mother. So did people like, love him for it?"
Oh hell no. He came back
home, and there were two people waiting for him at the
dock. Me and Arthur Keith.
"You weren't there."
Don't ruin the moment. So
we watched him, and we were like "Boo! You suck!
You found shit, but took such bad care of it and analyzed
it so poorly that now NOBODY can tell what the hell you
found! You HACK!" So Dubois went home and binged
on bon-bons and was never heard from again.
"What a fag."
Right. So Keith was gettin'
pissed the hell off, so he decided to make up a rule
book of standard procedures so that people will stop
breaking his toys. He also made up the aptly named "Keith
Model" that people can use to stop breaking stuff.
In it, he organizes brain size based on encephalization
(that's where the brain grows bigger), locomotion based
on bipedalism (that's walking on those "leg"
things), and dentition based on canine reduction (that's
where your dog gets smaller).
"I thought that was
where canine teeth and their diastema got smaller to
allow for communication."
Well, you say tomato, I say
lechuga. Moving on. Keith was like, big shit now. Such
big shit that he goes over to Dawson's own dig site!
Piltdown! In merry ol' England! Too bad Charles Dawson
and all the people he hired died in World War I.
"I thought Darwin was
already dead."
No, no. DAWSON. Not Darwin.
You'd do well to remember that on the test.
"Yeah, I'll try,"
Bob said.
"Get the $#(% out of the
story, Bob," Sephiroth said.
So Keith is diggin' up stuff,
and suddenly this dude is all, "Hey. What's up?"
That dude was Raymond Dart. But this Dart guy, he was
a douche. He was all like, stupid, so Keith told him
to eff off. But then, Keith finds this thing. It's NEW!
So he names it in memory of Dawson and calls it Eoanthropus
dawsonii on account of it's 1200 cc brain. I guess he
thought Dawson was a 'tard. But anyway, they use this
specimen to write up this interpretive hypothesis for
human evolution. Don't worry too much about that though.
It turns out this specimen has been like, filed down
and shit and is complete crap, but Keith uses it to call
a bunch more people dumb.
"Now this discovery
is in what year again?"
1912. And it's technically
discovered by Charles DAWSON. It's fake though.
"So did Dart binge
on bon-bons too?"
Nah. Dart's too dumb for
that. He just goes to South Africa and gets a job teaching
where he pays people to dig stuff up in the Taung site
in South Africa. People send him fossils and he pays
for the fossils. Nothing that great comes in until 1924
where he gets this tiny head impression! It could talk
while he drank water!
"Seriously. What's
with the tiny head impression?"
Well, it was an impression
of a tiny brain so he knew exactly how big the brain
was! He could even see the Foramen Magnum, which was
a big hole in the skull that connects to the spinal cord
and the medulla oblongata! That's where alligators' anger
comes from. Anyway, it turns out Dart's fossil is 1-2
million years old! And he'd found a specimen of Australopithecus
africanus! Those are monkeys! Too bad Keith comes back
and bitchslaps him for finding this thing.
"Why? Isn't it important?"
Yeah, but Keith is all "Hey!
That fossil is just a kid, so you can't judge anything
based on that! Besides, it discredits all the forgery
I've been doing!" So yeah, it's gone now. Anyway,
off to China, 1927!
"Oh, China. That's
random."
Yep. We're off to Zoukoudein!
That's where this Black dude-
"Black dude? I thought
it was China..."
Yeah. But his name is Black.
Davidson Black. Anyway, he finds this thing that he calls
Sinanthropus pekinsis.
"Why'd he call it that?"
Had a certain ring to it.
Don't worry. It turns out to be Homo erectus. But this
thing was dated at 500,000 years ago! And you know what
that means!
"Uhh, no. What does
it mean?"
It means that tool use and
bipedalism preceded full encephalization! Like, duh!
So anyway, Black and his foreign friend W.C. Pei learn
Keith's rules and finally submit this thing.
"And Keith says...?"
I don't think Keith really
cared. He was more concerned with things found in 1936
by Raymond Dart and Robert Broom.
"Dart and Broom? Two
household objects. That should be easy to associate with
each other."
No, not really. Let's continue.
So Dart is at Sterkfontein Valley out in South Africa.
He's actually out there now. Guess what he finds.
"No."
A sample of a 2.6 million
year old Australopithecus africanus! Exactly, Sephy!
It was a complete and total bitchslap to Keith! It proved
that Keith was retarded! Also it validated Australopithicus
as a hominid and further proved bipedalism came before
encephalization! Dart and Broom also dig in Swartkrans
South Africa and find a 2-2.6 million year old specimen
of Australopithecus robustus! It was the first discovery
of such a 'robust' Australopithecine! And now, from 1936
to 1939, Keith's model is complete crap. All his stuff
was in the wrong order and stuff. So now that takes us
to our intermission. Anthropology stops for a while.
For World War II! And you know what that means!
"What?"
NAZIS! I told you they'd
factor in here. Anyway, back from intermission. We move
on to Kenneth Oakley. He studied under Keith and was
made into a chemist in World War II, and you'll never
guess what he learned!
"Good, then I won't
guess."
WATER DISSOLVES FLUORINE!
He could use this to tell now if fossils were from the
same time! And you know what he learned? His own teacher,
Arthur Keith, was a HACK! Piltdown was a FAKE! Yes, it's
official. Keith was on his way home to binge on bon-bons.
That left good ol' Sherwood Washburn to do methodical
and theoretical revisions of the 1950s and 60s in the
wake of the Piltdown exposure!
"Good ol' Sherwood?
Did we mention him before?"
Nope. But I did now. Anyway,
on to Louis Leakey! He was friends with Keith. Good thing
I told you, cuz that's important shiz right there. Anyway,
Leakey is digging things up with his super sexy wife,
Mary, down there in Tanzania at Olduvai Gorge in 1959!
They find this thing in Lowerbed I, way down there at
the bottom. They call it Zinjanthropus boisei, but upon
retard inspection, it turns out it was Australopithecus
robustus. They thought it was 2.8 million years old,
but it was the first ever fossil to be dated with Potassium/Argon
dating and it was only 1.8 million years ago. This Potassium/Argon
dating was invented by Garniss Curtis and published in
his article "A Clock for the Ages."
"Oh. Thanks for telling
me."
They dated it by ESTIMATION!
See, this top lens was 1.7 million years ago, and the
bottom lens was 1.8 million years ago, so they found
the fossil in the middle and guestimated it to 1.75ish!
Science! So get this. Five years later, that's 1964 to
be exact, Louis Leakey makes another discovery! He finds
Homo habilis and it's 650cc brain! That's the EARLIEST
HOMO EVER!
"We done?"
Sephy, please! We're just
getting started! Now, there's this new digsite called
Omo Valley that has so much volcanic activity that radiometric
dating is SOOO easy, that they all come up with this
new system. See, Basil Cooke is the leading pig evolution
expert. He knows EVERYTHING about pigs. We'll call him
the Pig @#$*er. So what he does is he finds the pigs
in the lenses and says "Hey guys! This pig is X
years old! Therefore, anything in this lens is X years
old! Therefore, anything buried with this type of pig
is X years old! Get it!? Anyway, This guy Clark Howell
writes that down and marks it using 40 genera of pigs!
This mystical invention is called the Omo Valley Yardstick!
Don't leave home without it! So now they can "cross-date"
other digsites based on pigs! They could date anything
as old as 7 million years old! And they did all of this
from 1967-1972!
"I'm gonna get some
water."
Omo was filled with scientists!
Howell, Donald Johanson, Richard Leakey. Brilliant people!
But after the yardstick, they left. Richard Leakey went
to Koobi Fora, Johanson went to Hadar, and Howell just
went home for bon-bons and sex. So next, in Kenya's Koobi
Fora digsite at Lake Turkana (or Lake Rudolf as I called
it) in 1972, Richard Leakey finds stuff that looks EXACTLY
like the hominid stuff his daddy found at Olduvai Gorge!
He found Homo habilis, Australopithicus africanus, Australopithicus
robustus, McDonalds... Everything! He calls his Homo
habilis friend KNM-ER-1470. I was going to name you that,
Sephy, but EVERYBODY was naming their kids KNM-ER-1470.
So they thought this stuff was 2.8 million years ago,
just like Leakey's old stuff, but because of the Pig
#$%*er's findings and cross-dating, it turned out that
EVERYTHING was 1.8 million years old or so. KNM-ER-1470
was somewhere between 1.8 and 2.0 million years old.
That's older than you, Sephy!
"I'm back. What'd I
miss?"
Now off to Ethiopia with
Donald Johanson at Hadar! In 1973, Johanson finds Lucy!
She was in the sky! With diamonds! Also she was an Australopithicus
afarensis! She was a 60% complete fossil with a 250cc
brain! What a dumbass! So Johanson also find the "first
family" that showed things were moving in families.
The family was 40% complete. Both of these guys were
dated to 3.0 million years ago.
"I can't wait to hear
what happens next!"
Good! I'll tell you! Boy,
I'm glad you're paying attention still. Now we go to
Mary Leakey at Kenya's Laetoli digsite in 1976! She makes
a RADICAL discovery. They find these hard layers pressed
together, right? So they lift up these hardened lenses
to date them and stuff, and they find these 3.7 million
year old footprints! They were probably left by Australopithecus
afarensis! She and her dig partner Tim White were like,
"Wow! Footprints!" That PROVED that Australopithecus
afarensis goes back as early as 3.7 million years ago!
"Great. I'm going to
bed now."
So then Tim White digs in
Ethiopia's Aramis dig site in 1994 and finds Australopithicus
ramidus, which existed 4.4 million years ago. But nobody
cares. It may not even be classified correctly. You look
asleep, Sephy. I think this is a good place to stop.
Would you like to record your progress?
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